RESEARCH PAPER
Introduction to Modelling the Correlation Between Grain Sizes of Feed Material and the Structure and Efficiency of the Process of Co-Rotating Twin-Screw Extrusion of Non-Flammable Composites with a Pla Matrix
1
Łukasiewicz Research Network, Institute for Engineering Polymer Materials and Dyes, Skłodowskiej-Curie 55, 87-100 , Toruń, Poland
2
Faculty of Mechatronics, Kazimierz Wielki University, Mikołaja Kopernika 1, 85-074 , Bydgoszcz, Poland
3
Institute of Physics, Kazimierz Wielki University, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 2, 85-090 , Bydgoszcz, Poland
4
Institute of Materials Engineering, Kazimierz Wielki University, J. K. Chodkiewicza 30, 85-064 Bydgoszcz, Poland
Submission date: 2022-06-28
Acceptance date: 2022-07-31
Online publication date: 2022-10-14
Publication date: 2022-12-01
Acta Mechanica et Automatica 2022;16(4):301-308
KEYWORDS
introduction to modellingextrusionparameters of the processbiodegradable polymerspolymersflame retardancy
ABSTRACT
Co-rotating twin-screw extrusion is an energy consuming process that is generally not fully optimised to a specific polymer. From the point of view of the efficiency of the extrusion process, the starting material should be characterised by small grain sizes in comparison to the screw channel area, small surface area to volume ratio and small internal friction between the pellets. To develop a model describing the effect of polylactide (PLA) grain size on the extrusion efficiency, a series of experiments with a twin-screw extruder were carried out during which the energy consumption; torque on shafts and temperature of the melt on the extruder die were monitored. As feed material, both the neat PLA with different grain sizes and the PLA with expandable graphite fillers and phosphorous-based flame retardants were used. Morphology and dispersion quality of the composites were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM); flammability, smoke production, mass loss and heat release rates were tested using cone calorimetry; and melt flow rate was determine using a plastometer. Moreover, the thermal properties of the obtained composites were determined using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results show that the choice of the starting material affects both the efficiency of the extrusion process and the flame retardancy properties of the composite materials.
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